In this case the teacher is facilitating a discussion based on activity stations on force and motion the class completed the day before and the students are discussing and engaging in arguments about their observations and possible explanations.

This case shows a teacher facilitating a discussion amongst student groups about problems on their physics assessment taken previously and students presenting each problem and how they solved it.

In this case the teacher is helping students understand the relationship between energy and force from an investigation done prior to this discussion and students are examining the data and analyzing patterns that demonstrate the relationship between energy and force.

This case shows a teacher discussing with student groups the results they got from an activity and students using scientific discourse to try to make sense of their data and graphs to calculate unknown distances.

In this case the teacher is facilitating the class's work on a motion design of their own while assessing their understanding of force and motion and students are collaborating with their partners as they begin to build and try to move their objects, re-designing them if necessary.

This case shows a teacher helping students understand the relationship between the motion of their matchbox cars and the Laws of Motion and students engaged in an activity using cars and ramps, repeating trials, recording and analyzing their data.

This case shows a teacher facilitating an in-depth class discussion about the mathematical calculation of energy transfer and students modelling their scientific and mathematical thinking as they effectively communicate with each other to understand the problem.

In this case the teacher is repeating Galileo's famous 'falling objects' lesson and the students are hypothesizing which balls will hit the floor first and why, rethinking their thoughts and coming to a decision about what they are seeing and why.

This case shows a teacher observing her students as they depend on their prior knowledge to work on a force and motion activity, using scientific procedures to see how far a toy car will go depending on ramp height.

In this case the teacher is challenging students to brainstorm all they know about impulse and momentum and students are communicating and collaborating with each other as they think about these concepts, design an experiment, and conduct it to learn more about impulse and momentum.

In this case the teacher is helping students understand what factors affect friction and the students are designing their own experiment, collecting data, refining their methods, analyzing data, and finally determining an equation for their data sets to share with the class.

In this case a teacher helps students understand buoyancy and upward forces and students develop their experimental questions and designs, conduct their investigations, and then analyze their data and critique their experimental designs.

This case shows a teacher working effectively with a challenging group of students on a force and motion activity and students using tracks and cars with different masses to determine the relationship between mass and momentum.

In this case the teacher is working with student groups on an activity using model planes and the students are learning how thrust, air resistance, and gravity work together to affect flight distance, practicing math and science skills in a collaborative effort.

In this case the teacher is guiding a discussion on the new rules in the NFL intended to protect players from concussions and students are engaged in a scientific discussion as to whether the new rules are too minimal, appropriate, or excessive as they relate concussions to Newton's Laws of Motion.

This case is segmented into three sections that show a teacher engaging students with an innovative problem and evaluating students' projects and students working together on an experimental design for a trebuchet.

This case shows a teacher expertly facilitating students as they work on their investigative designs and students collaborating together to make sense of their data and results, determining how to present their findings about mechanical interaction to the class.

This case shows a teacher working with students to investigate force and motion by designing roller coasters. Students collect, record, and analyze their data through several trials to determine the best design.

This case shows a teacher supporting students as they investigate the effect of ramp height on the distance an object travels and document their findings with a bar graph.

This case shows a physics teacher engaging students in a Socratic Seminar to facilitate scientific discourse about momentum and impulse. Students use examples of sports injuries to share their understanding about basic physics concepts within the context of concussions to determine the efficacy of sports helmets.